
The Shifting Patterns of Civil Society Participation in the Digital Space: Lesson Learned from the Hashtag “No Viral No Justice”
Particularly, social media was not novel in Indonesia prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to data from We Are Social and Hootsuite, the proportion of internet users in Indonesia stood at 196.7 million during January 2020, constituting 73.7% of the overall populace. About 56% of this population, or 150 million, utilize social media. At that time, social media usage primarily facilitated individual existence and social interaction, as evidenced by the prevalence of personal communication via WhatsApp, information sharing and engagement with friends and family via Facebook, and photos and videos on Instagram.